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                                                    <h1>Software Metrics</h1>
                                                    <p class="text-muted" style="font-size: 18px;line-height: 200%">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;软件度量（Software Metric）是用于了解、评估、预测以及改进软件开发活动的有效方法，其目的是为开发高质量的软件提供指导。
                                                        <br>
                                                        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;面向对象度量（OOM）是开发高质量的面向对象软件的关键。为了开发高质量的软件产品，在面向对象软件的分析与设计   阶段初期就必须关注对软件设计模型的质量。
                                                        <br>
                                                        &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;软件分析和软件设计阶段的自动化软件度量方法对于OOM非常必要。一方面，类及类之间关系的复杂性使得手动测量OOM的度量点费时费力；另一方面，在面向对象实现之后进行OOM为时已晚。
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                                            <h1 style="color: #3051D3;font-size: 20px" class="header-title mb-4">软件度量及方法</h1>
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                                            <p style="line-height: 150%">Metrics allow the establishment of meaningful goals for improvement. A baseline from which improvements can be measured
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                                            <h1 style="color: #3051D3;font-size: 20px" class="header-title mb-4">典型的面向对象度量模型</h1>

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                                                            <th style="font-size: 15px" scope="col">面向对象的特性</th>
                                                            <th scope="col"><div style="font-size: 18px" class="badge badge-soft-primary">CK度量</div></th>
                                                            <th scope="col"><div style="font-size: 18px" class="badge badge-soft-warning">MOOD度量</div></th>
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                                                            <th scope="row">大小和复杂性</th>
                                                            <td>WMC</td>
                                                            <td></td>
                                                            <td>PIM,NIM,NIV,NCM,NCV</td>
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                                                            <th scope="row">继承性</th>
                                                            <td>DIT,NOC</td>
                                                            <td>AIF,MIF</td>
                                                            <td>NMO,NMI,NMA,SIX</td>
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                                                            <th scope="row">封装性</th>
                                                            <td></td>
                                                            <td>AHF,MHF</td>
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                                                            <th scope="row">多态性</th>
                                                            <td></td>
                                                            <td>PF</td>
                                                            <td>PF</td>
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                                                            <th scope="row">耦合性</th>
                                                            <td>CBO</td>
                                                            <td>CF</td>
                                                            <td></td>
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                                                            <th scope="row">内聚性</th>
                                                            <td>LCOM</td>
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                                            <h1 style="color: #3051D3;font-size: 20px" class="header-title mb-4">软件规模度量</h1>
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                                                    功能点度量——Function Point
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                                                    对象点度量——Object Point
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                                            <br>
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                                            <h1 style="color: #3051D3;font-size: 20px" class="header-title mb-4">软件质量度量</h1>
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                                                    Boehm 质量模型
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                                                    ISO 9126 质量模型
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                                            <h1 style="color: #3051D3;font-size: 20px" class="header-title mb-4">文献研究</h1>
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                                                        <h4 class="card-title font-size-16 mt-0">
                                                            <a href="https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CJFD&dbname=CJFDLAST2018&filename=BJYD201801015&uniplatform=NZKPT&v=sjT9j2XTV-zlYF9K7LFkPXtmPjPSw6CNOeSbwIjbReUzHJaeC_YQVizBJx6OrCbE">
                                                                面向对象软件耦合度量方法
                                                            </a>
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                                                        <p style="line-height: 200%" class="card-text">针对面向对象设计的C&K度量组中耦合度量存在的问题,提出了一组分解的面向对象软件耦合度量方法.参考统一建模语言类图的定义分析了软件设计中类之间的关系,并使用一组形式化评估软件质量性质的定理进行评估,结果表明,新方法能够满足这些定理.最后使用JUnit和JEdit作为研究对象,利用Dependency Finder和Eclipse软件度量插件Metrics实现对软件耦合度量方法的自动计算,计算结果验证了该方法的有效性. </p>
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                                                        <h4 class="card-title font-size-16 mt-0">
                                                            <a href="https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CJFD&dbname=CJFD2013&filename=CGJM2013Z2045&uniplatform=NZKPT&v=rA1VM-eMP3kVCJHBxKdFSCzr4gLF0P2EAdUv7mUkM1my4r9zvZqypts9W5lDkJpm">
                                                                面向对象软件度量技术的分析和综述
                                                            </a>
                                                        </h4>
                                                        <p style="line-height: 200%" class="card-text">软件的开发要保证其具备良好的质量,软件度量技术是其重要的方法。随着面向对象技术的发展,传统的软件度量技术很难适用于最新的面向对象软件,而面向对象软件度量技术就可以规范化帮助测评软件产品的质量过程。文中分析了软件度量理论,讨论了当今流行的三大面向对象软件度量方法,并指出其存在的不足和今后需要发展的方向。 </p>
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                                                            <a href="https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?dbcode=CMFD&dbname=CMFD201501&filename=1013282545.nh&uniplatform=NZKPT&v=ZejhhHdkQeqzkESrrZ0XMa2mJcRao1XT9_VZibYE1ZKfuu1zebN2alE9jyy7-9rn">
                                                                基于类图的面向对象软件复杂性度量方法的研究
                                                            </a>
                                                        </h4>
                                                        <p style="line-height: 200%" class="card-text">文综合考虑了影响UML类图复杂性的各个因素，首先从语义范畴利用层次分析法对影响类图的各因素的权重进行了细化，并在此基础上得出了类图的复杂性层次结构模型。其次通过大量的类图实例和代码，根据类图生成代码的规则，构建了类图实例与代码间的对应关系，从代码范畴对类图复杂性的各影响因素进行了确定，得到一个与人们实践经验相一致的权重值。最后运用模糊综合评价法分别从语义范畴和代码范畴两个角度对类图的复杂性进行了度量，将本文的度量结果与以往的度量结果进行比较，实验结果表明运用本文的度量方法度量出来的结果较之前的度量方法更接近人们的实践经验，验证了本文所提出的方法的有效性。</p>
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